Browsing tag: MDR

ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDES AS AN ALTERNATIVE TREATMENT FOR ORAL CAVITY INFECTIONS?


Joanna Nowicka, Aleksandra Banaszczyk, Julia Dembowska, Magdalena Pajączkowska
12 January 2026

PDF

Abstract: The ability of microorganisms to form biofilm structures is at the root of many diseases of the oral cavity. Biofilm – in particular its abnormal growth in combination with other factors, such as impaired functioning of specific and non-specific defence mechanisms of the human body or disorders in the quantitative and qualitative composition of the oral microbiota – may lead to the development of caries, gingivitis or periodontitis. Treatment of this type of infections is a challenge for modern dentistry, also due to the increasing resistance of microorganisms. The above requires a search for alternative therapeutic methods.
This paper presents a general characteristics of antimicrobial peptides, briefly characterizes oral diseases and provides basic information on infection therapy in dentistry. It also discusses the possibilities of therapeutic use of natural and synthetic antimicrobial peptides in dentistry.

Autor: Anna Białecka
No Comment
Czytaj dalej

STENOTROPHOMONAS MALTOPHILIA – ZNACZENIE KLINICZNE, LECZENIE ZAKAŻEŃ

STENOTROPHOMONAS MALTOPHILIA – CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE, TREATMENT OF INFECTIONS
Joanna Nowicka, Adriana Janczura and Martyna Lelonkiewicz
8 November 2023

PDF

Abstract: Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an important etiological factor of infections in patients with compromised immune systems, undergoing invasive diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, as well as in those suffering from cancer or cystic fibrosis. It poses a threat primarily to hospitalized patients. Due to its broad natural resistance and increasing acquired resistance, the therapy of infections caused by this pathogen is a challenge for modern medicine. The paper presents the current knowledge about the general characteristics, clinical significance and the most important pathogenicity factors of S. maltophilia. It also discusses therapeutic possibilities, including alternative ones, in infections caused by these microorganisms.

Autor: Anna Białecka
No Comment
Czytaj dalej

MULTIDRUG EFFLUX PUMPS IN BACTERIA AND EFFLUX PUMP INHIBITORS

POMPY OPORNOŚCI WIELOLEKOWEJ U BAKTERII I ICH INHIBITORY
Abhirami P. Sreekantan, Pooja P. Rajan, Minsa Mini and Praveen Kumar
4 October 2022

PDF

Abstract: Antimicrobial resistance is becoming a paramount health concern nowadays. The increasing drug resistance in microbes is due to improper medications or over usage of drugs. Bacteria develop many mechanisms to extrude the antibiotics entering the cell. The most prominent are the efflux pumps (EPs). EPs play a significant role in intrinsic and acquired bacterial resistance, mainly in Gram-negative bacteria. EPs may be unique to one substrate or transport several structurally different compounds (including multi-class antibiotics). These pumps are generally associated with multiple drug resistance (MDR). EPs are energized by a proton motive force and can pump a vast range of detergents, drugs, antibiotics and also β-lactams, which are impermeable to the cytoplasmic membrane. There are five leading efflux transporter families in the prokaryotic kingdom: MF (Major Facilitator), MATE (Multidrug And Toxic Efflux), RND (Resistance-Nodulation-Division), SMR (Small Multidrug Resistance) and ABC (ATP Binding Cassette). Apart from the ABC family, which utilizes ATP hydrolysis to drive the export of substrates, all other systems use the proton motive force as an energy source. Some molecules known as Efflux Pump Inhibitors (EPI) can inhibit EPs in Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. EPIs can interfere with the efflux of antimicrobial agents, leading to an increase in the concentration of antibiotics inside the bacterium, thus killing it. Therefore, identifying new EPIs appears to be a promising strategy for countering antimicrobial drug resistance (AMR). This mini-review focuses on the major efflux transporters of the bacteria and the progress in identifying Efflux Pump Inhibitors.

1. Introduction. 2. Major classes of efflux pumps. 2.1. ATP-Binding Cassette Superfamily. 2.2. Major Facilitator Superfamily. 2.3. Multidrug And Toxic Compound Extrusion Family. 2.4. Small Multi-drug Resistance Family. 2.5. Resistance-Nodulation-Division Superfamily. 3. Efflux pumps and their role in virulence and biofilm formation. 4. Efflux Pump Inhibitors

Autor: Postępy Mikrobiologii
No Comment
Czytaj dalej

Current Issue

Current Issue

Advancements of Microbiology
Volume 64 (2025): Issue 4

Publisher

PTM

Publisher