Browsing tag: Streptococcus pyogenes

MECHANIZMY WIRULENCJI STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES

Patogenicity mechanisms of Streptococcus pyogenes
K. Szczypa, J. Wilemska, W. Hryniewicz, I. Sitkiewicz

1. Wstęp. 2. Charakterystyka zakażeń powodowanych przez S. pyogenes. 3. Czynniki wirulencji S. pyogenes. 3.1. Adhezyny. 3.2. Czynniki sprzyjające rozprzestrzenianiu się infekcji w organizmie gospodarza. 3.3. Toksyny. 4. Regulacja ekspresji czynników wirulencji. 5. Podsumowanie

1. Introduction. 2. Infections caused by S. pyogenes. 3. Virulence factors of S. pyogenes. 3.1. Adhesins. 3.2. Factors of infections in host organism. 3.3. Toxins. 4. Regulation of virulence factors expression. 5. Summary

Abstract: The group A Streptococcus (Streptococcus pyogenes, GAS) is responsible for over 600 million infections and over half million deaths a year. GAS is a major human pathogen which causes diseases ranging from mild superficial infections of the throat or skin, up to severe systemic and invasive diseases such as necrotizing fasciitis and streptococcal toxic shock syndrome. Nowadays, post-infection sequelae such as glomerulonephritis and rheumatic fever are also alarming medical problems worldwide. Molecular analyses of streptococcal virulence carried by multiple centers worldwide, suggest the presence of a complex mechanism that coordinates pathogenesis. It involves a broad range of unique protein virulence factors, as M protein, superantigens, proteases and DNases, affecting tissues and the host’s immune system. Detailed analyses of individual virulence factors as well as regulatory systems that coordinate expression of virulence factors are the first steps on the way to develop innovative strategies for diagnostics and treatment. This review aims to highlight the epidemiology of S. pyogenes and summarize the current state of knowledge about the mechanisms of its virulence.

Epidemiologia zakażeń Streptococcus pyogenes, struktura klonalna populacji i antybiotykooporność

Epidemiology of Streptococcus pyogenes infections, clonal structure population and antibiotic resistance
K. Szczypa, J. Wilemska, W. Hryniewicz, I. Sitkiewicz

1. Wstęp. 2. Zakażenia wywoływane przez S. pyogenes. 3. Nosicielstwo i drogi szerzenia się zakażeń S. pyogenes. 4. Ustalanie pokrewieństwa genetycznego pomiędzy szczepami S. pyogenes. 5. Oporność S. pyogenes na antybiotyki. 6. Profilaktyka zakażeń S. pyogenes. 7. Podsumowanie

Abstract: Streptococcus pyogenes (GAS) is one of the major human pathogens responsible for infections worldwide. It may cause mild infections of the skin and mucosal surfaces, as well as severe invasive infections. It has been estimated that S. pyogenes is responsible for half a million deaths a year, and is considered as one of the most important pathogens.
Many clinical investigations on S. pyogenes focus on characterization of pathogenic strains, heterogeneity/homogeneity of the population clonal spread, transfer between patients and tracing sources of antibiotic resistance. Advanced studies on vaccines that prevent GAS infections are in progress.

1. Introduction. 2. S. pyogenes infections. 3. Carrier state and epidemiology of infections. 4. S. pyogenes strains genetic affinity. 5. S. pyogenes resistance to antibiotics. 6. The prophylactics of S. pyogenes infections. 7. Summary